Writing Style Guide
The Writing Style Guide is an official resource from Marketing and Strategic Communications designed for Valencia College content creators. It provides guidance on grammar, punctuation, and usage, following AP Style with Valencia-specific standards. See something missing? Submit a Writing Style Guide Suggestion.
$
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| $, Dollars |
Always lowercase. Use figures and the $ sign in all cases, except casual references or amounts without a figure: The book cost $4. Dad, please give me a dollar. For amounts more than $1 million, use up to two decimal places: The budget is $2.24 million. For amounts less than million, use figures: $5, $150,000. |
%
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| %, percent |
Use % symbol instead of “percent.” |
&
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| &, and |
Use “and” except:
|
*
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| *Hyphens, Dashes |
Hyphens - Use for phone numbers on most marketing collateral/tactics, or to manually hyphenate an adjectival word: 407-582-1000; state-of-the-art EXCEPTION: On formal collateral material such as stationery, phone numbers do not include hyphens: 000 000 0000 En Dash –
Monday – Friday, 8 p.m. – 9 p.m. (Academic years are an exception: 2025-2026)
Saturday – Dance Performances Sunday – Music Performances
“Who steals my purse steals trash.” – Shakespeare Em Dash — Use an em dash when typesetting a pause, or emphasis of a statement; with one space on either side of the em dash. On a Mac, type an em dash by holding down the shift and option keys while pressing hyphen (-). In Microsoft Word, two hyphens between two words without spaces (e.g. word–word) will autocorrect to an em dash.
In advertising and marketing materials, no space is used before or after an em dash
|
| * URLs, Internet Addresses |
Omit protocol at the start of a Valencia College web address, such as http://www. This is unique to Valencia College and can result in broken links if used with other URLs. If an internet address within the body of a paragraph falls at the end of a sentence, use a period. If it falls at the end of the last sentence in the paragraph, it does not use a period. If the internet address is being used as a call to action, do not use a period after the URL; use a colon before. Visit our website: valenciacollege.edu If an address breaks between lines, split it directly after a slash or a dot that is part of the address, without an inserted hyphen. Avoid URLs that are particularly lengthy and complicated unless essential to guide the reader to a particular document. Find or request a shorter vanity URL at valenciacollege.edu/shorturl |
| * Writing for President Plinske |
When writing for or proofreading text by President Plinske, certain exceptions are made to our style guide. These include:
|
A
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abbreviations and Acronyms |
In general, avoid alphabet soup. Do not use abbreviations or acronyms that a reader would not quickly recognize. Because programs may share acronyms, i.e., English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and Employee Assistance Program (EAP), always spell out on first reference the term being abbreviated and add the acronym:
For a list of Valencia College terms and acronyms, visit valenciacollege.edu/acronyms Abbreviate months (Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec., Jan. and Feb.) for billboard and digital display ad copy. Do not abbreviate months in languages other than English. |
| Academic Degree Timelines |
Any degree descriptor that assigns a timeframe for completion.
In advertising and marketing materials, numbers may appear in numeric form as needed for space/brevity. |
| Academic Degrees |
DO NOT use “two-year degrees” or “four-year degrees.” Instead, use:
Examples of when to use an apostrophe:
Use periods whenever abbreviating the following degrees:
Do not use periods when abbreviating these degrees:
Capitalize formal degree names:
Lowercase program names when not part of formal degree name:
Lowercase certificate programs, unless writing about a specific certificate:
For dual degrees, hyphenate when used as an adjective.
|
| ADA Web Compliance |
Hours should be formatted for screen readertechnology: Remove the periods from “a.m.” and “p.m.” so the screen reader does not say “period.” Replace the dashes with “to” or “and” so the screen reader does not say that word.
When adding a call to action (CTA) and link:
Examples: GREAT Orlando’s a great city to live with a cat. Find cats in Orlando. Orlando’s a great city to live with a cat. Visit cats.com Orlando’s a great city to live with a cat. Find cats in Orlando (PDF). NOT GREAT Orlando’s a great city to live with a cat. Link to find cats in Orlando. Orlando’s a great city to live with a cat. Find cats in Orlando:www.cats.com/fostermomsrule&563 Orlando’s a great city to live with a cat. FIND CATS NOW. |
| Addresses |
IN COPY: Spell out numbered streets nine and under: 325 Sixth Ave.; 3012 50th St. Spell out or use the abbreviations Ave., Blvd., St., Pkwy., etc., with a numbered address: 1600 Pennsylvania Ave. Without a number, an address must be spelled out and capitalized: Pennsylvania Avenue. Always use figures for an address number: 9 Morningside Circle. Spell out and capitalize First through Ninth when used as street names; use figures for 10th and above: 7 Fifth Ave., 100 21st St. Abbreviate compass points used to indicate directional ends of a street or quadrants of a city in a numbered address: 222 E. 42nd St. Do not abbreviate if the number is omitted: East 42nd Street. Campus Locations (use as single line): Valencia College Accelerated Skills Training – Downtown Campus, 300 Pittman St., Orlando, FL 32801 Valencia College Advanced Manufacturing Training Center, 1099 Cross Prairie Pkwy., Kissimmee, FL 34744 Valencia College Downtown Campus, 601 W. Livingston St., Orlando, FL 32801 Valencia College East Campus, 701 N. Econlockhatchee Trl., Orlando, FL 32825 Valencia College Heart of Florida United Way Center for Accelerated Training, 3437 W.D. Judge Dr., Orlando, FL 32808 Valencia College Lake Nona Campus, 12350 Narcoossee Rd., Orlando, FL 32832 Valencia College Osceola Campus, 1800 Denn John Ln., Kissimmee, FL 34744 Valencia College Poinciana Campus, 3255 Pleasant Hill Rd., Kissimmee, FL 34746 Valencia College School of Public Safety, 8600 Valencia College Ln., Orlando, FL 32825 Valencia College West Campus, 1800 S. Kirkman Rd., Orlando, FL 32811 Valencia College Winter Park Campus, 850 W. Morse Blvd., Winter Park, FL 32789 ON FORMAL STATIONERY (Letterheads, Business Cards, Envelopes) AND ALL MAILING Formats for Full Mailing Address: Valencia CollegeP.O. Box 3028 Orlando, FL 32802-3028 Valencia College Continuing Education West Campus, Building 10 1800 S. Kirkman Rd. Orlando, FL 32811 Mail Code: Abbreviate as MC (no colon) Valencia College Continuing Education MC D-41 West Campus, Building 10 1800 S. Kirkman Rd. Orlando, FL 32811 |
| Advisor/Student Success Coach |
Valencia College academic Advisors are referred to as “Student Success Coaches.” |
| Alma Mater |
Alma mater is the term used to describe the relationship of a school to its alumni: “My alma mater is Valencia College.” |
| Alumni |
Use alumni or VC grads when referring to a group of men and women who have attended Valencia College. Use alumnus (alumni in the plural) when referring to a man who has attended the school. Use alumna (alumnae in the plural) for similar references to a woman. Use alum/alums to avoid the Latin gender inflection, or to be gender-inclusive. Use recent graduate to refer to someone who has graduated from Valencia College within the last five years. Use graduate to refer to a person who has graduated or is about to graduate (or completed or is about to complete) from Valencia College with a degree or certificate. Use legacy alumnus/alumna to refer to a Valencia College graduate who now works at the college. Use former student to refer to someone who was enrolled in a Valencia College degree or certificate program but did not graduate/complete. |
| Apostrophe |
Use a closing single quote mark when shortening years: ’91, ’09 When writing about formal grades, use an apostrophe: A’s, B’s |
B
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Big Ideas |
Always initial capitals. |
| Building Numbers |
Use figures and capitalize Building when used with a figure: Building 6 Do not spell out building numbers. On charts, maps and forms, you may abbreviate Building to Bldg. |
| Bullets – Paragraph Leading |
Example Headline
|
C
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Campus Dining/Food Services |
Because not all campuses have the same food services, dining choices are referred to as:
"Cafeteria" is in place on many forms of wayfinding signage, accompanied by an international symbol for "restaurant." We retain the term to aid in wayfinding and use the formal name, i.e., “Pounce Café” when entering the space. Other options are referred to as:
|
| Campus Store |
|
| Center for Teaching/Learning Innovation |
The official name has a forward slash (“/”) between “Teaching” and “Learning.” Do not use “and” in the name of the center. DO use “and” in “Teaching and Learning Academy.” |
| Character Counts |
When writing security alerts, X posts, search ads, etc., adhere to character count guidelines. Unless otherwise noted, these counts include spaces.
|
| Class; Course |
A course is a set of classes that lasts the entire length of a term or program. A class is a single meeting of a course or program. Class: When you arrive in class, you’ll need to find a seat. Course: You are enrolled in a history course. |
| College; Campus |
Capitalize and spell out the formal name: Valencia College or East Campus. Lowercase plural combinations of campuses: East and Osceola campuses. Lowercase when used independently: The college; He was on campus. Uppercase when referring to a specific campus: He was on West Campus. She was on the Lake Nona Campus. NOTE: The word "Campus: must always follow Lake Nona when referring to that campus. NOTE: Because a VC location must have a library to be considered a campus, we refer to 10 convenient locations, not 10 campuses. |
| Collegewide |
There is no hyphen for words which end in –wide. Examples: collegewide, citywide, statewide, nationwide, worldwide. |
| Comma “,” |
IN A SERIES: In general, Valencia College does not use Oxford commas in marketing materials. When writing marketing copy, use commas to separate elements in a series, but do not put a comma before the conjunction in a simple series: The flag is red, white and blue. He would nominate Tom, Dick or Harry. Put a comma before the concluding conjunction in a series, however, if an integral element of the series requires a conjunction: I had orange juice, toast, and ham and eggs for breakfast. Use a comma also before the concluding conjunction in a complex series of phrases: The main points to consider are whether the athletes are skillful enough to compete, whether they have the stamina to endure the training, and whether they have the proper mental attitude. PLACEMENT WITH QUOTES: Commas always go inside quotation marks. IN DATES: Separate words from words and numbers from numbers with commas. Tuesday, June 2, 2015 |
| Common Misspellings |
To add the correct spelling of commonly misspelled words (“Plinkse,” Plinks,” “Pilnske,” and “Plinski,” in place of “Plinske”) take the following actions on your desktop, laptop and any other devices you may use when writing on behalf of the college:
To add a word to your dictionary:
|
| Contractions |
In most writing, the use of contractions is encouraged. The brand voice should achieve a conversational tone and the use of contractions contributes to this effort. In some cases, formality is preferred, as in academic efforts. |
| County |
Capitalize when an integral part of a name: Orange County, Osceola County Lowercase plural combinations: Orange and Osceola counties |
D
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Dates |
Capitalize the names of months in all uses. When a month is used with a specific date, abbreviate only Jan., Feb., Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov. and Dec. Spell out when using alone, or with a year alone. When a phrase lists only a month and a year, do not separate the year with commas.
When a phrase refers to a month, day and year, set off the year with commas.
Do not abbreviate months in languages other than English. |
| Dean’s and President’s list |
When writing about academic lists, uppercase all words: Dean’s List and President’s List. |
| Degree Hierarchy |
When referring to a Valencia College alumna/alumnus in sentence form, the proper order is (name), (degree) (major if any)
When referring to a Valencia College alumna/alumnus/alum who earned a degree in a specific area, the proper order is (name), (degree/certificate) (year of graduation/completion):
If more than one degree was earned at Valencia College, both are referenced with the most recent appearing first:
When referring to a Valencia College alumna/alumnus/alum in press materials/editorial formats, the proper order is (name), (degree) (year of graduation/completion):
If degrees of equal levels were earned at Valencia College, (i.e., A.A. and A.S. in Audio Technology and Sound Production) the degree that best correlates with the editorial purpose should be referenced:
|
| Departments |
Use lowercase except for words that are proper nouns or adjectives: the department of history, the history department, the department of English or the English department. Use uppercase when department (or center or office) is part of the official and formal name: Valencia College Testing Center. Lowercase the department whenever it stands alone. Do not abbreviate department in any usage. Avoid acronyms when possible. A phrase such as the department is preferable on second reference because it is more readable. |
| Dimensions |
Use figures and spell out inches, feet, yards, etc., to indicate depth, height and width. Use the apostrophe to indicate feet and quote marks to indicate inches (5’ 6”) only in very technical contexts. Dimensions are listed length first, then width, then height, then depth, i.e., 14” x 11” x 4” x 2” |
| DirectConnect to UCF® |
Do not treat in all caps. Use uppercase/lowercase (camel case) in all instances. DirectConnect is one word. DirectConnect to UCF® requires the registration mark [®]. No periods in UCF. Guarantee statement and disclaimer for DirectConnect to UCF®:
*Consistent with university policy. |
| Directions and Regions |
In general, lowercase north, south, northeast, northern, etc., when they indicate compass direction; capitalize these words when they designate regions. He drove west. The Northeast depends on the Midwest for its food supply. |
| District Board of Trustees |
For external use, the governing board of the college is referred to as:
|
| Downtown Campus |
The campus’ formal name is:
The formal name of the campus should be used primarily when communicating with external parties (for example, the City of Orlando) and upon first reference in joint press releases. In addition, each institution has agreed to refer to the campus by its respective name when communicating solely to its audiences. However, the unique, integrated partnership should still be mentioned. For example, when Valencia College references the campus as “Valencia College Downtown,” it includes in its immediate description “the campus that Valencia College shares with UCF.” Similar treatment is expected of UCF’s naming and description of the campus to its stakeholders. As secondary references to the project, both institutions may use “the downtown campus” as an identifier. Both institutions are encouraged to refer to their students at this campus as “downtown students,” rather than UCF or Valencia College students. |
E
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
|
Use in all references for electronic mail. |
|
| Employee Publications |
The Juice
Supervisor Segment
Faculty Insight
|
| Exclamation Points |
Use sparingly and never in a headline. |
G
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Graduation Year |
The graduation year of an alumna/alumnus/alum can be shown in full or abbreviated.
The full graduation year is used in sentence form, and an abbreviated year is used in list/descriptor form:
|
H
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Hashtags |
Preferred hashtags include #PumaProud for programs and college-related posts, and #VCGrad when posts feature graduating students or alumni. |
| Headlines |
Capitalize the principal words, including prepositions and conjunctions of four or more letters. Capitalize an article – the, a, an – or words of fewer than four letters if it is the first or last word in a title. Use numerals for all numbers except in casual uses: hundreds If a quote is used in a headline, use single quote marks around it: ‘We Will Win,’ Predicts Mayor Headlines are sentence case in advertising and marketing materials. For the Valencia College website, page titles use initial caps and subheads are sentence case. |
| Healthcare |
One word except for a single AST program: Health Care Specialist |
J
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Jargon |
Avoid the use of jargon — the special vocabulary and idioms of a particular class or occupational group. Include an explanation of any words likely to be unfamiliar to most readers. |
L
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Log in/Log on |
When used as a verb, use two words: Log on to the site When used as a noun, use one word: You will be assigned a login |
M
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Magazine Names |
Capitalize the initial letters of the name but do not place it in quotes or italics. Lowercase magazine unless it is part of the publication’s formal title: Harper’s Magazine, Vitae magazine |
| Major/Program |
When you use the official name for a degree or program, capitalize the subject, but not the word “program.”
Informal names for programs should not be capitalized.
Degree pathways are not “degrees in,” but rather “degree pathways in” the specialization. Since degree pathways are not formal degree titles, they should be lowercase.
|
| MyVC |
When referring to the Valencia College engagement hub, use “in MyVC,” not “on MyVC.” |
N
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| No. |
Use as an abbreviation for number with a figure to indicate position or rank: Valencia College was ranked No. 1 in the nation. |
| Numbers |
In general, spell out one through nine: The Yankees finished second. He had nine months to go. Spell out at the start of a sentence: Fifteen students were admitted. Use figures for:
|
O
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| On campus/Off campus |
Hyphenate when serving as an adjective describing a noun: the on-campus computer lab. Separate into two words when used as a noun: The event will be held on campus |
P
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Phone Numbers |
Format: 407-582-1507, ext. 6 EXCEPTION: Formal pieces such as business card or letterhead: 407 582 1507 |
| Possessives |
The use of the possessive for programs, faculty, and students, i.e., Valencia College’s graduating class, may be construed as being Valencia College-centered, not student-centered. (Think “they’re ours” compared to “we serve them.”) For that reason, minimizing the use of “Valencia College’s” or “VC’s” is encouraged, but not prohibited. If rewriting to avoid using the possessive will result in copy that is too bulky, long or awkward, use the possessive. Examples:
The possessives “Valencia College’s” or “VC’s” are not used in advertising and marketing materials. |
| Puma/Pumas |
The mascot of Valencia College is the Puma. To avoid trademark infringement, be sure to always write “Pumas” or “Pumas” with an initial cap “P” followed by lowercase letters. Don’t use “PUMA,” “PUMAS,” or “PUMAs”. Other mascot use guidelines can be found at valenciacollege.edu/mascotuse |
| Purrcy the VC Puma |
The Valencia College mascot may be referred to as “Purrcy,” or “Purrcy the VC Puma.” At the request of students when the mascot was being developed, Purrcy is not gender-specific. When using a pronoun to refer to Purrcy, use “them/they/their.” Guidelines for mascot usage can be found at valenciacollege.edu/mascotuse |
Q
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Quotation Marks |
Do not use in Q and A formats, i.e., The Juice: When did you decide to attend Valencia College? NOT The Juice: “When did you decide to attend Valencia College?” Use to identify composition titles: “Of Mice and Men” Placement with other punctuation:
Examples of usage in quoted text:
The dash, semicolon, question mark and exclamation point go within the quotation marks when they apply to the quoted material only. They go outside when they apply to the whole sentence.
|
R
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Room Numbers |
Use figures and capitalize room when used with a figure: Building 6, Room 215. Do not abbreviate Room. |
S
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Salutations and Closings |
Salutations When writing a letter or email, capitalize the first letter of each word in a salutation: Dear Students, Dear Valencia College Graduate, Dear Prospective Honors Student, Dear Colleague, Dear Dr. Smith Whenever possible, use student’s first name in the salutation: Dear Michael For broad-reaching, informal correspondence to current students, you may use: Dear Pumas Closings In correspondence with stakeholders, you can use a traditional closing (“Sincerely,” “Yours,” “With Appreciation,” etc.) or you can use “With Puma Pride". |
| School Breaks |
School break sare initials caps in calendar or title block:
In body copy or media, use lower case:
In body copy or media, when the break includes a national holiday, initial cap the holiday and lowercase “break,”“weekend,” etc.
|
| Schools |
Collectively, use “The Schools at Valencia College” for first reference, and “the Schools” thereafter. Individually, use the full name of the School for first reference, and “the School” thereafter.
NOTE: For Schools with three industry sectors in the name, use the Oxford comma (place a comma after the last word before “and”). |
| Seasons, Semesters, Terms |
Use “term,” not semester. Lowercase spring, summer, fall, winter and derivatives such as springtime unless part of a formal name: Fall Convocation Initial cap terms:
|
| Six Ps |
The qualities demonstrated by successful Valencia College students can be found at valenciacollege.edu/6ps |
| Skillset |
All one word |
| Skillshops |
All one word. Description can be found at valenciacollege.edu/skillshops |
| Spanish Language |
We translate using the Puerto Rican dialect of Spanish Use informal language vs. formal Don’t translate Valencia College or any official names We do not translate the word “college” into Spanish; it remains "college" in English
|
T
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Theater/Theatre |
Use theater by default and when talking generally about the theater (building). Black Box Theater Use theatre:
|
| Times |
EXCEPTION: For web readability, format as follows with no space, no periods and capital letters: 11:30AM |
| Titles (Creative Works) |
Apply to the titles of books, computer games, movies, songs, radio and television programs, lectures, speeches and works of art:
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| Titles (Academic, Occupational) |
When writing about Valencia College employees, only use their titles as they appear in the Human Resources database. When to Keep it Casual Use first-name or first/last-name basis for:
Formal For formal circumstances, the use of an academic abbreviation (i.e., Ph.D or Ed.D) is preferred over a courtesy title (Dr.). Use an academic abbreviation for:
Spell out formal titles when they precede a name:
Lowercase in other uses:
Abbreviate certain titles when used before a full name: Gov., Mr., Mrs., Rep., etc. You may use Dr. in first reference before the names of individuals who hold a doctoral degree. Do not continue the use of Dr. in subsequent references. After a full name, set off the abbreviation of a degree or a title by commas: John Snow, Ph.D. EXCEPTION: Business cards and name tags don’t use Dr., degree or credentials. |
U
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| UnionWest at Creative Village |
UnionWest is one word with a capital W. |
| United States, United States of America |
Abbreviation – U.S. (use periods) Abbreviation – USA (no periods) |
| University of Central Florida, UCF |
UCF is allowed on first reference for a local audience (marketing purposes only). For a non-local audience, use full name on first reference. |
V
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Valencia College Foundation |
Not Valencia Foundation |
| Valencia, Valencia College, VC |
“Valencia” is not an abbreviation of “Valencia College.” NEVER use just Valencia. ALWAYS use full name for first reference in all written materials, including public relations and marketing materials (internal and external), presentations, speeches, etc. Students at Valencia College can choose from a variety of clubs and organizations to enrich their college experience. For second reference, “VC” or “the college” can be used, generally only in less formal copy, i.e., social media posts. |
| Valencians |
When referring to Valencia College students, faculty and staff, use the following:
· |
| VC EDGE |
Refer to as “VC EDGE,” not “Valencia EDGE. “EDGE” is all caps. “VC EDGE,” not “the EDGE.” |
| VCentials |
|
W
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Walt Disney World® Center for Hospitalityand Culinary Arts |
The official name of the culinary facility located on the downtown campus. |
Y
| Item | Definition |
|---|---|
| Years |
Do not use an apostrophe when writing about a certain time period: 1990s, 2000s Hyphen in year-end, but no hyphen in yearlong Use a closing single quote mark when shortening years: ’91, ’09, John Smith ’13 |